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Related Concept Videos

Gyroscope: Precession01:24

Gyroscope: Precession

Precession can be demonstrated effectively through a spinning top. If a spinning top is placed on a flat surface near the surface of the Earth at a vertical angle and is not spinning, it will fall over due to the force of gravity producing a torque acting on its center of mass. However, if the top is spinning on its axis, it precesses about the vertical direction, rather than topple over due to this torque. Precessional motion is a combination of a steady circular motion of the axis and the...
Gyroscope01:02

Gyroscope

A gyroscope is defined as a spinning disk in which the axis of rotation is free to assume any orientation. When spinning, the orientation of the spin axis is unaffected by the orientation of the body that encloses it. The body or vehicle enclosing the gyroscope can be moved from place to place, while the orientation of the spin axis remains the same. This makes gyroscopes very useful in navigation, especially where magnetic compasses cannot be used, such as in crewed and crewless spacecraft,...
Galvanometer01:24

Galvanometer

Common devices, including car instrument panels, battery chargers, and inexpensive electrical instruments, measure potential difference (voltage), current, or resistance using a d'Arsonval galvanometer. This electromechanical instrument is also known as a moving coil galvanometer.
The galvanometer consists of  two concave-shaped permanent magnets, providing a uniform radial magnetic field in the annular region. In the center, a pivoted coil of fine copper wire is placed in the uniform magnetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Multimodal Volumetric Retinal Imaging by Oblique Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (oSLO) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
12:22

Multimodal Volumetric Retinal Imaging by Oblique Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (oSLO) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)

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Multi-turn all-reflective optical gyroscope.

S Cole, R L Fork, D Lamb

    Optics Express
    |May 2, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study presents a novel all-reflective monolithic gyroscopic structure for precise angular measurement. Its unique design offers potential advantages for space applications due to its compact nature and all-reflective optics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Inertial Navigation
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Current fiber optic and ring laser gyroscopes have limitations.
    • A new gyroscopic structure is proposed to overcome these limitations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize an all-reflective monolithic gyroscopic structure.
    • To evaluate its potential for high-precision angular measurement.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized calculation and simulation.
    • Modeled a monolithic structure with orthogonal, helical optical paths.
    • Analyzed free-space multi-turn optical path characteristics.

    Main Results:

    • Calculated achievable angular precision of ~0.001 degrees/hr.
    • Demonstrated precision scales with the reciprocal cube of structure diameter.
    • Identified opportunities for gain while minimizing noise.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed gyroscope design offers advantages for space applications.
    • Low mass, compact size, and all-reflective optics are key benefits.
    • Fabrication challenges exist but required optical qualities are achievable.