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Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
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Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
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A practical approach to common skin problems in returning travellers.

Brigid M O'Brien1

  • 1Worldwise Traveller's Health, Newmarket, Auckland, New Zealand. brigido@adhb.govt.nz

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Skin diseases are a common health issue for travelers, with bacterial infections being the most frequent cause of hospitalization. Early diagnosis and prevention are key to managing these conditions effectively.

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Area of Science:

  • Travel Medicine
  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Skin diseases rank as the third leading cause of morbidity in travelers, affecting approximately 8% of individuals during their journeys.
  • Infectious causes dominate, with bacterial skin infections being the most prevalent and leading to the highest number of hospitalizations among travelers.
  • Common diagnoses include both tropical infections like cutaneous larva migrans and cosmopolitan diseases such as bacterial infections and arthropod bites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significant burden of skin diseases in travelers.
  • To emphasize the commonality of bacterial infections and the need for systematic diagnosis.
  • To advocate for enhanced preventative advice and diagnostic approaches in pre-travel consultations.

Main Methods:

  • Review and analysis of common skin diseases encountered in returning travelers.
  • Identification of the most frequent diagnoses, categorizing them into tropical and non-tropical origins.
  • Presentation of a frequency-weighted differential diagnosis for common skin lesions.

Main Results:

  • Skin diseases are a major cause of traveler morbidity, with infectious etiologies being predominant.
  • Bacterial skin infections are the most common infectious cause, resulting in the most hospitalizations.
  • The ten most frequent diagnoses include four classical tropical infections and six non-tropical diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Delayed diagnosis of skin diseases, particularly tropical infections, is a significant issue in travelers.
  • A systematic approach involving detailed history, targeted examination, and investigations can improve diagnosis.
  • Increased emphasis on preventative advice regarding skin diseases during pre-travel consultations is recommended.