Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.Ribosome Structure and AssemblyRibosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within the...
Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.Ribosome Structure and AssemblyRibosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within the...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Decoupling of global metabolic flux and proteome partitioning in bacteria.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Quantifying vocal subsystems of adults with minimally verbal autism spectrum disorder.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026
Same author

Wearable Tracking of Eye and Body Movements During Breaching Training: Toward Real-Time Blast Injury Monitoring.

Journal of neurotrauma·2026
Same author

Untargeted Multiple Reaction Monitoring.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same author

Speech Acoustic Markers Can Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease.

IEEE journal of selected topics in signal processing·2026
Same author

Estimating Visceral Adiposity From Wrist-Worn Accelerometry.

IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Peering at Brain Polysomes with Atomic Force Microscopy
08:49

Peering at Brain Polysomes with Atomic Force Microscopy

Published on: March 16, 2016

A complex assembly landscape for the 30S ribosomal subunit.

Michael T Sykes1, James R Williamson

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. sykes@scripps.edu

Annual Review of Biophysics
|May 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Ribosome assembly, crucial for protein synthesis, involves complex RNA folding and protein binding. New research reveals this process is a dynamic landscape, not a single pathway, with proteins stabilizing RNA structures.

More Related Videos

Single Molecule Fluorescence Energy Transfer Study of Ribosome Protein Synthesis
08:07

Single Molecule Fluorescence Energy Transfer Study of Ribosome Protein Synthesis

Published on: July 6, 2021

In Vitro Reassociation Assay to Measure the Formation of 80S Ribosomal Particles Using Salt-washed Ribosomal Subunits
06:09

In Vitro Reassociation Assay to Measure the Formation of 80S Ribosomal Particles Using Salt-washed Ribosomal Subunits

Published on: December 16, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Peering at Brain Polysomes with Atomic Force Microscopy
08:49

Peering at Brain Polysomes with Atomic Force Microscopy

Published on: March 16, 2016

Single Molecule Fluorescence Energy Transfer Study of Ribosome Protein Synthesis
08:07

Single Molecule Fluorescence Energy Transfer Study of Ribosome Protein Synthesis

Published on: July 6, 2021

In Vitro Reassociation Assay to Measure the Formation of 80S Ribosomal Particles Using Salt-washed Ribosomal Subunits
06:09

In Vitro Reassociation Assay to Measure the Formation of 80S Ribosomal Particles Using Salt-washed Ribosomal Subunits

Published on: December 16, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The ribosome is a vital macromolecular machine for cellular protein synthesis, composed of RNA and protein subunits.
  • Ribosome assembly is a highly regulated process, essential for cellular function, yet its detailed mechanisms remain elusive.
  • Decades of research, including the Nomura assembly map, have provided insights but not a complete understanding of small subunit assembly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the intricate details of ribosome assembly, particularly for the small subunit.
  • To characterize the dynamic landscape of RNA folding and protein binding during ribosome biogenesis.
  • To reconcile existing models with new data on the sequential and hierarchical nature of assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized RNA footprinting techniques to probe RNA structure and accessibility.
  • Employed pulse-chase quantitative mass spectrometry to track protein incorporation dynamics.
  • Integrated structural data with kinetic information to model assembly pathways.

Main Results:

  • Small subunit assembly is a dynamic and varied process, not a single linear pathway.
  • Sequential and hierarchical RNA folding and protein binding events converge to form complete subunits.
  • Proteins bind in a 5' to 3' direction along ribosomal RNA, stabilizing intermediate RNA conformations.

Conclusions:

  • Ribosome assembly is a complex, multi-faceted process involving coordinated RNA folding and protein interactions.
  • The findings challenge previous notions of a single assembly intermediate, presenting a more dynamic model.
  • Understanding ribosome biogenesis is critical for comprehending cellular function and disease.