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Related Concept Videos

Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature is...
Active versus Passive Immunity01:31

Active versus Passive Immunity

Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...

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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
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Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Published on: July 31, 2021

[Immunization in preterm infants--current knowledge].

Hanna Czajka1, Izabela Tarczoń, Ryszard Lauterbach

  • 1Pediatryczna Poradnia Szczepień dla Dzieci z Grup Wysokiego Ryzyka, Wojewódzki Specjalistyczny Szpital Dzieciecy im. św. Ludwika w Krakowie.

Medycyna Wieku Rozwojowego
|May 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early immunization is crucial for preterm infants due to their weaker immunity, but safety concerns exist. This review examines the immune response and safety of vaccines against tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, polio, and pneumococcal diseases in premature infants.

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Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
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Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
08:46

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
13:00

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Published on: July 31, 2021

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
08:46

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal immunology
  • Infectious disease prevention
  • Vaccinology

Context:

  • Premature infants possess immature immune systems, posing challenges for infectious disease prevention.
  • Early immunization is necessary for protecting vulnerable preterm infants against serious infections.
  • Concerns exist regarding vaccine efficacy and adverse events in this high-risk population.

Purpose:

  • To review the medical literature on the immunological response of premature infants to key vaccines.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of immunization against tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and pneumococcal diseases in preterm infants.
  • To identify factors influencing vaccine response, such as corticotherapy and blood product transfusions.

Summary:

  • The review focuses on the post-immunization response in premature newborns to vaccines for tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and pneumococcal infections.
  • It evaluates the impact of factors like corticotherapy and blood transfusions on the immune response to vaccination.
  • The safety of immunizing high-risk preterm infants is a key consideration.

Impact:

  • Provides critical insights into optimizing vaccination strategies for premature infants.
  • Informs healthcare providers about potential risks and benefits of early immunization in preterm populations.
  • Contributes to evidence-based guidelines for infectious disease prevention in vulnerable newborns.