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Related Concept Videos

Action Potential01:14

Action Potential

Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
Action Potential01:14

Action Potential

Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...

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Related Experiment Video

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Recording Synaptic Plasticity in Acute Hippocampal Slices Maintained in a Small-volume Recycling-, Perfusion-, and Submersion-type Chamber System
09:51

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Published on: January 1, 2018

Steep decrease in the specific membrane resistance in the apical dendrites of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.

Toshiaki Omori1, Toru Aonishi, Hiroyoshi Miyakawa

  • 1Department of Complexity Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan. omori@k.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Neuroscience Research
|May 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Specific membrane resistance (R(m)) in hippocampal neurons is non-uniformly distributed. This study reveals a steep, sigmoid decrease in R(m) along the dendrite, impacting neuronal information processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Specific membrane resistance (R(m)) significantly influences neuronal information processing and subthreshold-synaptic integration.
  • Previous studies suggested a step-function distribution of R(m) in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons based on excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) spread.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the steepness of R(m) decrease in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons using a sigmoid function.
  • To investigate how R(m) distribution affects neuronal responses to extracellular electric fields.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations were used to model R(m) distribution.
  • Experimental voltage responses to extracellular electric fields in CA1 slices were reproduced.
  • R(m) distribution was estimated using a sigmoid function to evaluate the steepness of its decrease.

Main Results:

  • The estimated R(m) distribution followed a steep-sigmoid function, consistent with previous findings but indicating a more distal decrease.
  • R(m) in the distal dendrite was estimated to be < 10^3.5 Omegacm^2, while in the proximal dendrite/soma it was > 10^4.5 Omegacm^2.
  • Simulations accurately reproduced responses to two distinct perturbations, supporting the reliability of the steep R(m) decrease.

Conclusions:

  • The non-uniform R(m) distribution, characterized by a steep decrease along the dendrite, plays a crucial role in processing spatially segregated synaptic inputs.
  • The distal dendrite is leakier than previously estimated, with R(m) decreasing more distally.
  • This detailed R(m) profile is essential for understanding neuronal computation.