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Updated: Jun 23, 2026
A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging
Published on: July 14, 2016
Age-related macular degeneration: an immunologically driven disease
Robert B Nussenblatt1, Baoying Liu, Zhuqing Li
1National Institutes of Health, National Eye Institute, Laboratory of Immunology, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. DrBob@nei.nih.gov
Abstract:
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in elderly individuals worldwide. Genome-wide association studies have provided evidence that the immune system is involved in the pathogenesis of AMD. This review discusses historical and more recent studies that have led to the recognition that AMD is an intraocular inflammatory disease, and that is possibly driven by an immune response. A particular focus of this review is recent studies on the contribution of the complement system and macrophages to the pathogenesis of AMD. A working hypothesis is also presented that may reconcile the current understanding of the pathogenesis of AMD and some apparently contradictory findings in the literature.
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