Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 10, 2026
Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Published on: July 20, 2022
Normal reference ranges for left and right atrial volume indexes and ejection fractions obtained with real-time
Erlend Aune1, Morten Baekkevar, Jo Roislien
1Department of Cardiology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, NO-3103 Toensberg, Norway. erlend.aune@siv.no
Aims:
The aim of this study was to obtain normal reference ranges and intra-observer reproducibility for left (L) and right (R) atrial (A) volume indexes (VI, corrected for body surface area) and ejection fractions (EF) with real-time three-dimensional echocardiography.
Methods And Results:
One hundred and sixty-six participants, 79 males and 87 females, aged 29-79 years considered free from clinical and subclinical cardiovascular disease, were included. Normal ranges are defined as 95% reference values for atrial dimensions and reproducibility as coefficients of variations (CVs) for repeated measurements. Upper normal reference values were 41 mL/m(2) for maximum (max) LAVI and 19 mL/m(2) for minimum (min) LAVI. The lower normal reference value was 45% for LAEF. The respective values for RA were 47 mL/m(2), 20 mL/m(2), and 46%. The only relevant gender difference was a higher upper normal max RAVI among males vs. females. The CVs for repeated measurements were 9% for max LAVI, 8% for max RAVI, 13% for LAEF, and 14% for RAEF.
Conclusion:
The present study provides normal ranges for atrial dimensions and contractility with a new, fast, and reproducible technique that can be used bedside without offline analysis.
