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Related Concept Videos

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
10:28

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

[Sexually transmissible hepatitis viruses].

S Schaefer1

  • 1Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie und Hygiene, Universität Rostock, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock. stephan.schaefer@med.uni-rostock.de

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete
|May 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diagnosing viral hepatitis, often sexually transmitted, involves a staged screening approach. Initial tests for Hepatitis A, B, and C viruses (HAV, HBV, HCV) are recommended, with further testing for Hepatitis E virus (HEV) and other causes if needed.

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Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells
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Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
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Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells
09:02

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

Published on: June 5, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Context:

  • Sexual transmission of hepatitis viruses is a significant clinical challenge.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for patient management and public health.

Purpose:

  • To propose a staged diagnostic system for viral hepatitis.
  • To outline an efficient initial screening protocol for hepatitis viruses.

Summary:

  • Initial screening for viral hepatitis includes tests for anti-HAV, anti-HAV, anti-HBc, and HBsAg.
  • Further specific testing for Hepatitis A, B, and C viruses (HAV, HBV, HCV) is guided by initial results.
  • If initial screening is negative, testing for Hepatitis E virus (HEV), Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus may be indicated.

Impact:

  • Streamlines the diagnostic process for viral hepatitis.
  • Facilitates timely identification and treatment of hepatitis infections.
  • Reduces unnecessary testing and healthcare costs.