Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions01:25

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions

Drug interactions occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by another substance, either enhancing or diminishing its activity. The drug whose activity is altered is known as the object drug, and the substance causing the alteration is called the agent drug or the precipitant. The net effects of these interactions are mostly undesirable, leading to decreased effectiveness or increased adverse effects. In rare cases, interactions can be beneficial, such as the enhanced...
Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions01:26

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions

A drug interaction occurs when the concurrent use of another drug, food, or an external substance alters the pharmacological activity of a drug. This interaction can modify the action of the original drug, affecting its effectiveness and safety.Drug–food interactions are significant as they impact drug absorption, metabolism, and excretion. For example, grapefruit juice is a well-known disruptor of drug metabolism. It inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme, crucial for the metabolism of many...
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Problems01:24

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Problems

The empirical approach to drug therapy optimization relies on correlating pharmacological response with administered dosage. Such an approach can be costly, time-consuming, and often yields poor correlation due to variables like formulation factors and drug elimination characteristics. A more precise approach correlates response with plasma drug concentration or the amount of drug in the body, rather than dosage. This is achieved through pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling, which...
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Physiological Barriers01:23

Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Physiological Barriers

Drug distribution in the body is intricately regulated by various physiological barriers that control the passage of substances. These include the capillary endothelial barrier, the blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid, blood-placental, and blood-testis barriers.
The capillary endothelial barrier allows only smaller molecules below 600 Da (Daltons) to pass through. It also restricts drugs like heparin that are bound to blood components, limiting their movement within the bloodstream.
The...
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Patient-Related Factors01:29

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Patient-Related Factors

Protein-drug binding, a pivotal aspect of pharmacokinetics, is subject to considerable variability influenced by an array of patient-related factors. The intricate interplay of age, individual differences, and pathological conditions significantly impact the binding dynamics and subsequent pharmacological effects.
Age stands as a key determinant in protein-drug binding. Neonates, characterized by low albumin content, experience heightened concentrations of unbound drugs such as phenytoin and...
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Miscellaneous Factors01:19

Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Miscellaneous Factors

Drug distribution in the human body is a complex process influenced by various individual factors, including age, pregnancy, obesity, diet, body water composition, pH levels, and specific disease conditions.
Age plays a significant role due to differences in body composition among different age groups. Infants, for instance, have a higher proportion of total body water and lower albumin levels, a protein that binds drugs in the bloodstream. This unique composition in infants enhances the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Improving medication safety through behavioral nudges: An evaluation of unit sales trends following a pharmacy-based intervention.

Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP·2026
Same author

Psychological safety in interdisciplinary teams: how leadership behaviors empower teams.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

Barriers to implementing a pharmacist-led COPD CARE bundle in rural settings: a qualitative evaluation.

BMJ open respiratory research·2026
Same author

Developing mHealth IT for Older Adult Medication Safety: Remote Participatory Co-Design Using the RAPID Method.

JMIR human factors·2026
Same author

Sustaining a pharmacist-led COPD transition of care service in the rural context: a qualitative review of multilevel stakeholder perspectives from two Veterans Affairs medical centers.

Frontiers in health services·2026
Same author

An Exploratory Study of Over-the-Counter Medication Counseling Topics in Community Pharmacies and Alignment with Counseling Frameworks.

Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Using a Virtual Store As a Research Tool to Investigate Consumer In-store Behavior
09:17

Using a Virtual Store As a Research Tool to Investigate Consumer In-store Behavior

Published on: July 24, 2017

Exploring patient-pharmacist interaction differences between the drive-through and walk-in windows.

Michelle A Chui1, Kimberly Halton, Jennifer M Peng

  • 1College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA. mchui@pharmacy.wisc.edu

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : Japha
|May 16, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Patient-pharmacist interactions at drive-through windows were shorter and less involved than walk-in encounters. Walk-in services offered richer pharmacist engagement, especially for patients with limited English proficiency.

More Related Videos

The Immersive Cleveland Clinic Virtual Reality Shopping Platform for the Assessment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
08:36

The Immersive Cleveland Clinic Virtual Reality Shopping Platform for the Assessment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living

Published on: July 28, 2022

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects
11:12

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects

Published on: September 18, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Using a Virtual Store As a Research Tool to Investigate Consumer In-store Behavior
09:17

Using a Virtual Store As a Research Tool to Investigate Consumer In-store Behavior

Published on: July 24, 2017

The Immersive Cleveland Clinic Virtual Reality Shopping Platform for the Assessment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
08:36

The Immersive Cleveland Clinic Virtual Reality Shopping Platform for the Assessment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living

Published on: July 28, 2022

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects
11:12

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects

Published on: September 18, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacy Practice
  • Patient-Provider Communication
  • Community Pharmacy Services

Background:

  • Community pharmacies offer various service models, including drive-through and walk-in windows.
  • Understanding patient-pharmacist interaction quality across different service points is crucial for optimizing care delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare pharmacist-patient interactions at drive-through versus walk-in service windows in a community pharmacy setting.
  • To identify potential differences in communication quality and patient engagement between these two service modalities.

Main Methods:

  • Student pharmacists acted as observers, recording interaction data at both drive-through and walk-in windows.
  • Quantitative data on encounter duration, patient demographics, prescription types, and communication aspects were collected for over 200 encounters.

Main Results:

  • Drive-through encounters were more likely to involve "more confidential" prescriptions but had less pharmacist face-time.
  • Patients were acknowledged more frequently and accepted counseling more often at walk-in windows.
  • A higher proportion of patients with limited English proficiency used the walk-in window.

Conclusions:

  • Walk-in pharmacy services facilitate richer and potentially lengthier pharmacist-patient interactions compared to drive-through services.
  • The findings suggest walk-in windows may be more effective for addressing complex needs and ensuring comprehensive patient counseling, particularly for diverse patient populations.