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Updated: Jun 23, 2026
07:52
Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
Published on: January 29, 2011
Carbon monoxide poisoning (acute)
1California Poison Control System, San Francisco Division and The University of California, California, USA.
BMJ Clinical Evidence
|May 19, 2009
Summary
This review examines oxygen treatments for carbon monoxide poisoning, assessing the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen and standard oxygen therapies. It highlights key interventions for managing this dangerous condition.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Emergency Medicine
- Pulmonary Medicine
Background:
- Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a life-threatening condition caused by an odorless, colorless gas, leading to hypoxia, cellular damage, and potentially death.
- Exposure is typically measured via blood carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) percentage, a key biomarker, though clinical symptoms following known exposure are critical.
- Prompt diagnosis and intervention are vital for managing CO poisoning effectively.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the clinical effectiveness and safety of various oxygen treatments for acute carbon monoxide poisoning.
- To evaluate interventions including 100% hyperbaric oxygen, 28% oxygen, and 100% oxygen via non-re-breather mask.
- To provide evidence-based information for clinicians managing carbon monoxide poisoning.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review was conducted, searching major medical databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library) up to March 2007.
- Included studies comprised systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and observational studies.
- GRADE evaluation was used to assess the quality of evidence for the included interventions.
Main Results:
- Twelve systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies met the inclusion criteria for the review.
- The review focused on evaluating the effectiveness and safety of specific oxygen interventions.
- GRADE methodology was applied to assess the quality of evidence for each intervention.
Conclusions:
- The review presents findings on the effectiveness and safety of 100% hyperbaric oxygen, 28% oxygen, and 100% oxygen by non-re-breather mask.
- These interventions are evaluated for their role in treating acute carbon monoxide poisoning.
- The findings aim to guide clinical decision-making in managing CO poisoning.
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