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Temporal horizon: modulation by smoking status and gender
Bryan A Jones1, Reid D Landes, Richard Yi
1University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Addiction Research, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA.
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
|May 19, 2009
Summary
Smoking women exhibit a shorter temporal horizon, impacting future time perspective (FTP). However, delay discounting measures did not differ between smoking and nonsmoking women, suggesting complex influences on decision-making.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral Economics
- Psychology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Delay discounting and temporal horizon are key concepts in understanding decision-making.
- Temporal horizon influences behavior over time, with implications for impulsivity and future planning.
- Smoking behavior is often linked to altered temporal discounting and decision-making processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of smoking and gender on temporal horizon using two measures: future time perspective (FTP) and delay discounting.
- To compare findings across three studies involving 227 participants.
- To specifically examine temporal horizon in women who smoke.
Main Methods:
- Utilized three separate studies with a total of 227 participants.
- Administered two measures of temporal horizon: future time perspective (FTP) and delay discounting.
- Analyzed data to compare temporal horizon between smoking and nonsmoking individuals, stratified by gender, and considered income level.
Main Results:
- One FTP measure indicated smoking women have a shorter temporal horizon than nonsmoking women.
- FTP story completion measures positively correlated with delay discounting.
- Delay discounting measures showed no difference between smoking and nonsmoking women, but smoking men had a shorter temporal horizon than nonsmoking men.
- Lower income earners exhibited a shortened temporal horizon compared to higher income earners.
Conclusions:
- Smoking and gender significantly modulate temporal horizon, with varying effects depending on the measure used.
- Future time perspective may be a more sensitive indicator of smoking's impact on temporal horizon in women than delay discounting.
- Findings highlight the complex interplay between smoking, gender, socioeconomic status, and temporal decision-making.
