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A neuroscience approach to optimizing brain resources for human performance in extreme environments
Martin P Paulus1, Eric G Potterat, Marcus K Taylor
1University of California, San Diego, 92037, USA. mpaulus@ucsd.edu
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|May 19, 2009
Summary
Understanding the neural basis of optimal performance in extreme environments is crucial. Neuroscience approaches can quantify individual differences in cognitive and behavioral responses to demanding situations.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Human Performance
Background:
- Extreme environments (combat, athletics, space) demand optimal cognitive and behavioral performance.
- Individual differences in performance in these settings are well-documented, but the neural underpinnings are largely unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the effects of extreme environments on performance.
- To discuss performance predictors.
- To advocate for neuroscience methods to understand optimal performance.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on extreme environments and performance.
- Conceptualization of a neuroscience-based approach.
Main Results:
- Extreme environments significantly impact cognitive, emotional, and behavioral performance.
- Individual variability in performance is hypothesized to relate to a "contextualized" internal body state and potential to act.
Conclusions:
- Neuroscience offers a promising avenue for quantifying and understanding individual differences in optimal performance in extreme environments.
- This approach can identify individuals best suited for high-demand situations.
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