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Related Concept Videos

Peptic Ulcer01:27

Peptic Ulcer

Peptic ulcers are erosive lesions of the gastric or duodenal lining, most commonly caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. This Gram-negative, helical bacterium has adapted to survive the stomach’s acidic environment by producing urease, which converts urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. The ammonia neutralizes gastric acid in the bacterium’s immediate environment, allowing colonization of the gastric mucosa. H. pylori attaches to mucus-secreting epithelial cells, penetrates the mucus...
Diabetic Foot Ulcer01:31

Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Definition A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, non-healing wound that develops in individuals with diabetes. It typically occurs on pressure-bearing areas such as the heel, metatarsal heads, or hallux, and carries a high risk of infection and amputation.Pathophysiology • The development of DFUs can be explained by four interconnected mechanisms: neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing. • Neuropathy is the most common factor. Sensory neuropathy reduces pain perception,...
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses, temperature changes,...
Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction01:25

Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) involves breaks in the gastrointestinal tract's mucosal lining, primarily in the stomach and duodenum, with less frequent occurrences in the lower esophagus or near the pylorus.Ulcers can be acute or chronic. Acute ulcers are short-lived with minimal inflammation and heal quickly after the irritant is removed. Chronic ulcers persist, may recur, and often cause scarring due to ongoing tissue damage. Superficial erosions affect only the mucosal layer and are called...
Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction

Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is characterized by mucosal excavation in the esophagus, stomach, pylorus, or duodenum. It can manifest as acute or chronic based on the extent and duration of mucosal involvement.
An acute ulcer, marked by superficial erosion and minimal inflammation, swiftly resolves upon identifying and addressing the underlying cause. In contrast, a chronic ulcer persists, potentially eroding through the muscular wall and forming fibrous tissue.
Peptic ulcers can also be...
Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Complications01:25

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Complications

Duodenal UlcersDuodenal ulcers are the most common form of peptic ulcer disease, presenting with chronic, intermittent epigastric pain. Pain typically appears 2–3 hours after meals, especially when the stomach is empty, often waking patients at night. It is characteristically relieved by food or antacids (“pain–food–relief”). Some patients remain asymptomatic until complications like bleeding or perforation emerge, particularly with NSAID or anticoagulant use.Gastric UlcersGastric ulcers share...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Mouse Model of Pressure Ulcers After Spinal Cord Injury
06:51

Mouse Model of Pressure Ulcers After Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: March 9, 2019

Pressure ulcers.

Nicky Cullum1, Emily Petherick

  • 1Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|May 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This systematic review evaluates interventions for preventing and treating pressure ulcers. It found evidence on various support surfaces, repositioning, and other therapies to manage skin integrity in at-risk individuals.

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A Standardized Procedure of Dressing Management for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Mouse Model of Pressure Ulcers After Spinal Cord Injury
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Mouse Model of Pressure Ulcers After Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: March 9, 2019

A Standardized Procedure of Dressing Management for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
07:22

A Standardized Procedure of Dressing Management for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Published on: March 14, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Medicine
  • Nursing
  • Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Pressure ulcers affect up to 33% of hospital patients and 20% of nursing home residents.
  • Individuals with reduced mobility and poor skin condition are at higher risk.
  • These ulcers develop from unrelieved pressure or friction, particularly over bony prominences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effects of preventive interventions for individuals at risk of pressure ulcers.
  • To assess the effectiveness of treatments for existing pressure ulcers.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of literature was conducted, searching major databases up to February 2007.
  • Included studies comprised systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and observational studies.
  • Harms alerts from regulatory agencies were also incorporated.

Main Results:

  • Sixty systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies met the inclusion criteria.
  • A GRADE evaluation was performed to assess the quality of evidence for interventions.
  • The review identified numerous interventions for pressure ulcer prevention and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • The review presents information on the effectiveness and safety of a wide range of interventions.
  • Interventions discussed include support surfaces, debridement, nutritional supplements, and repositioning.
  • Effectiveness and safety data guide clinical decision-making for pressure ulcer management.