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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...
Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...
Hypodermis01:02

Hypodermis

The hypodermis (the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is present directly below the dermis. It connects the skin to the underlying fascia (fibrous tissue) of the bones and muscles. It is not strictly a part of the skin, although the border between the hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish. The hypodermis consists of well-vascularized, loose, areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which functions as a mode of fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
09:36

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Published on: February 2, 2017

Obesity in adults.

David Arterburn1, David DeLaet, Daniel Schauer

  • 1Group Health Centre for Health Studies, and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|May 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity affects many adults, increasing health risks. This review evaluates drug treatments and bariatric surgery for obesity, assessing their effectiveness and safety for adults with overweight or obesity.

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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

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Intraperitoneal Glucose Tolerance Test, Measurement of Lung Function, and Fixation of the Lung to Study the Impact of Obesity and Impaired Metabolism on Pulmonary Outcomes
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Intraperitoneal Glucose Tolerance Test, Measurement of Lung Function, and Fixation of the Lung to Study the Impact of Obesity and Impaired Metabolism on Pulmonary Outcomes

Published on: March 15, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
09:36

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Published on: February 2, 2017

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
05:10

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

Published on: May 30, 2025

Intraperitoneal Glucose Tolerance Test, Measurement of Lung Function, and Fixation of the Lung to Study the Impact of Obesity and Impaired Metabolism on Pulmonary Outcomes
08:30

Intraperitoneal Glucose Tolerance Test, Measurement of Lung Function, and Fixation of the Lung to Study the Impact of Obesity and Impaired Metabolism on Pulmonary Outcomes

Published on: March 15, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Clinical effectiveness
  • Public health

Background:

  • Obesity affects a significant portion of the US and UK populations, increasing risks for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, and certain cancers.
  • Weight regain is common; less than 10% of overweight or obese adults aged 40-49 years achieve normal weight after 4 years.
  • Prescription weight-loss medication use is substantial, but a quarter of users are not overweight.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effects of drug treatments for adults with obesity.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bariatric surgery for adults with morbid obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of medical literature.
  • Searched Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library up to February 2007.
  • Included harms alerts from FDA and MHRA.

Main Results:

  • Identified 38 systematic reviews, RCTs, and observational studies meeting inclusion criteria.
  • Performed GRADE evaluation for evidence quality.
  • Included information on orlistat, phentermine, rimonabant, sibutramine, and various bariatric procedures.

Conclusions:

  • Presents information on the effectiveness and safety of various weight-loss interventions.
  • Covers pharmacological treatments and surgical procedures like gastric bypass, banding, and sleeve gastrectomy.