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Published on: May 17, 2024

Diabetes: treating hypertension

Sandeep Vijan1

  • 1University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|May 20, 2009
PubMed

Insights

This systematic review examines antihypertensive treatments and blood pressure targets for people with diabetes. It synthesizes evidence on the effectiveness and safety of various medications and target ranges for managing hypertension in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypertension is prevalent in people with diabetes, affecting 40% of those 45+ and over 60% of those 75+.
  • Major cardiac events affect approximately 5% of people with diabetes and untreated hypertension annually, with higher risk in those with diabetic nephropathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of antihypertensive medications and different blood pressure targets in individuals with diabetes.
  • To provide evidence-based information on managing hypertension in the diabetic population.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review was conducted, searching major databases like Medline, Embase, and The Cochrane Library up to February 2007.
  • Included studies comprised 22 systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and observational studies.
  • Searches also incorporated harms alerts from regulatory agencies like the FDA and MHRA.

Main Results:

  • The review identified 22 relevant systematic reviews, RCTs, and observational studies.
  • Evidence was gathered on the effectiveness and safety of various antihypertensive interventions.

Conclusions:

  • The review presents information on the effectiveness and safety of alpha-blockers, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics.
  • It also discusses the impact of different blood pressure targets (lower or higher) in people with diabetes.
Abstract

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