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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An immobile...
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...

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Related Experiment Videos

[Coxarthrosis--an update].

H Imhof1, I Nöbauer-Huhmann, S Trattnig

  • 1Klinik für Radiodiagnostik, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Osterreich. osteo-mr@meduniwien.ac.at

Der Radiologe
|May 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Degenerative osteoarthritis of the hip (coxarthrosis) diagnosis relies on imaging and symptoms. Research explores advanced MR imaging for early detection and understanding disease progression.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics and Radiology
  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Degenerative Joint Disease

Context:

  • Hip osteoarthritis (coxarthrosis) is a prevalent adult condition.
  • Diagnosis combines radiographic and clinical findings, but lacks a consensus definition.
  • Radiographic signs include joint space narrowing, osteophytes, and sclerosis.

Purpose:

  • To summarize diagnostic methods for hip osteoarthritis.
  • To highlight the role of MR imaging in detecting early signs.
  • To discuss the significance of joint malalignment and malpositioning as prearthritic factors.

Summary:

  • Conventional radiography and CT reveal advanced degenerative changes.
  • MR imaging offers superior visualization of early cartilage and bone marrow edema, synovitis, and effusion.
  • Advanced MR techniques like spectroscopy and T2*-mapping enable biochemical imaging of cartilage metabolism.

Impact:

  • Improved understanding of osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
  • Potential for earlier diagnosis and intervention.
  • Advancement in non-invasive assessment of cartilage health and disease progression.