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Related Concept Videos

Menses Phase01:18

Menses Phase

The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
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Secretory Phase

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion on the Navel in a Rat Model of Primary Dysmenorrhea with Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis
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Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion on the Navel in a Rat Model of Primary Dysmenorrhea with Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis

Published on: October 4, 2024

Dysmenorrhoea.

Michelle L Proctor1, Cynthia M Farquhar

  • 1Cochrane Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|May 21, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This systematic review evaluates treatments for dysmenorrhoea, a common condition affecting up to 20% of women. It found various interventions, including NSAIDs and hormonal contraceptives, effective for managing menstrual pain.

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Pain Management
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Dysmenorrhoea is a prevalent condition, often starting at menarche or developing later due to underlying causes.
  • Severe dysmenorrhoea can significantly disrupt daily activities in up to 20% of women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of various treatments for dysmenorrhoea.
  • To answer the clinical question: What are the effects of treatments for dysmenorrhoea?

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic review of literature up to July 2006.
  • Searched major databases including Medline, Embase, and The Cochrane Library.
  • Included harms alerts from regulatory agencies like the FDA and MHRA.

Main Results:

  • Included 34 systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and observational studies.
  • Performed a GRADE evaluation to assess the quality of evidence for different interventions.
  • Identified a wide range of interventions for dysmenorrhoea.

Conclusions:

  • Presents information on the effectiveness and safety of numerous interventions for dysmenorrhoea.
  • Evaluated treatments such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), combined oral contraceptives, and topical heat.
  • Highlights the need for evidence-based treatment selection for menstrual pain management.