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Related Concept Videos

Irritable Bowel Syndrome01:23

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility PatternsDisordered...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...

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A Rat Model of Pouchitis Following Proctocolectomy and Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis Using Dextran Sulfate Sodium
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Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome.

Robin Spiller1, Klara Garsed

  • 1Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital, Nottingham, England. robin.spiller@nottingham.ac.uk

Gastroenterology
|May 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infectious gastroenteritis can trigger long-lasting irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), known as postinfective IBS (PI-IBS). Risk factors include prolonged illness and specific infections, with potential mechanisms involving inflammation and gut changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Psychosomatic Medicine

Background:

  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects a significant portion of the population.
  • A notable percentage of IBS patients report symptom onset following an infectious illness.
  • Enteric infections are a known trigger for developing persistent IBS symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with postinfective IBS (PI-IBS).
  • To explore potential mechanisms underlying the development of PI-IBS.
  • To understand the prognosis and treatment considerations for PI-IBS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of prospective studies on enteric infections and subsequent IBS development.
  • Analysis of identified risk factors for PI-IBS.
  • Discussion of proposed pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial enteritis, protozoan, and helminth infections are linked to prolonged PI-IBS, unlike viral gastroenteritis.
  • Key risk factors for PI-IBS include prolonged illness duration, bacterial toxicity, smoking, inflammation markers, female gender, and psychological factors.
  • Age over 60 may be protective, while antibiotic use increases risk.

Conclusions:

  • PI-IBS is a distinct entity following enteric infections, influenced by various host and pathogen factors.
  • Mechanisms may involve persistent inflammation, immune cell changes, and gut microbiota alterations.
  • While prognosis is better than general IBS, PI-IBS can be chronic, requiring tailored symptom management, often for diarrhea-predominant IBS.