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Spectral vs. temporal auditory processing in specific language impairment: a developmental ERP study.

R Ceponiene1, A Cummings, B Wulfeck

  • 1Project in Neural and Cognitive Development, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0113, United States. rceponiene@ucsd.edu

Brain and Language
|May 22, 2009
PubMed
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Children with language impairment (LI) show deficits in auditory processing, specifically in integrating acoustic features. This study reveals non-linear developmental deviations in their sensory processing, impacting language acquisition.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Speech and Hearing Sciences

Background:

  • Developmental language impairment (LI) is often linked to pre-linguistic sensory deficits, particularly in temporal processing.
  • Recent research suggests potential spectral processing issues, creating ambiguity in understanding LI's auditory basis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate event-related potential (ERP) measures of auditory temporal and spectral processing in children with and without LI.
  • To examine the interaction between temporal and spectral processing in these groups.
  • To correlate auditory processing measures with expressive language abilities.

Main Methods:

  • Compared ERPs of auditory processing in 50 children (25 typical, 25 with LI, aged 7-17).
  • Utilized CV syllables and consonant-to-vowel transitions (spectral sweeps) of varying durations as stimuli.

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  • Analyzed behavioral syllable discrimination and specific ERP components (N2-N4, P2).
  • Main Results:

    • Children with LI exhibited poorer syllable discrimination across stimulus durations.
    • Trends indicated diminished long-latency negativities (N2-N4) and enhanced P2 peaks in the LI group.
    • ERP indices of spectral processing were diminished in the LI group, particularly for syllables, independent of stimulus duration.
    • N2-N4 peak measures correlated with expressive language in children with LI.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings suggest a deficit in acoustic feature integration at higher auditory processing levels in children with LI.
    • These results point towards a non-linear developmental deviance rather than a simple delay in auditory processing.
    • Sound brevity does not explain the observed spectral resolution deficits in LI.