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Related Concept Videos

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...
Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...
Hepatic Encephalopathy01:29

Hepatic Encephalopathy

DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic shunting—including...
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...

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Improved clinical outcomes following embolization of extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in cirrhotic patients with recurrent hepatic encephalopathy.

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Aetiology of chronic liver disease is a valuable factor for stratifying adverse outcomes of acute decompensation: prospective observational study.

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Comparison of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir and Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 and 2 in South Korea.

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The Clinical Courses and Prognosis of Cirrhotic Patients after First Acute Decompensation: Prospective Cohort Study.

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Macro-Aspartate Aminotransferase Elevation in a Patient with Chronic Hepatitis B.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Histological Analyses of Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury in Zebrafish
10:45

Histological Analyses of Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury in Zebrafish

Published on: May 25, 2017

[Alcoholic liver disease].

Hee Bok Chae1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Korea. hbchae@chungbuk.ac.kr

The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe Chi
|May 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

While not all chronic alcoholics develop liver damage, alcohol consumption strongly correlates with cirrhosis prevalence. Abstinence and supportive therapies are key for alcoholic liver disease (ALD) management.

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Development of an Ethanol-induced Fibrotic Liver Model in Zebrafish to Study Progenitor Cell-mediated Hepatocyte Regeneration
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Development of an Ethanol-induced Fibrotic Liver Model in Zebrafish to Study Progenitor Cell-mediated Hepatocyte Regeneration

Published on: May 13, 2016

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Histological Analyses of Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury in Zebrafish
10:45

Histological Analyses of Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury in Zebrafish

Published on: May 25, 2017

Development of an Ethanol-induced Fibrotic Liver Model in Zebrafish to Study Progenitor Cell-mediated Hepatocyte Regeneration
10:42

Development of an Ethanol-induced Fibrotic Liver Model in Zebrafish to Study Progenitor Cell-mediated Hepatocyte Regeneration

Published on: May 13, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) research

Context:

  • A previous study's findings on alcohol-induced liver damage were misinterpreted, suggesting no dose-response relationship.
  • Despite this, a clear correlation exists between per capita alcohol consumption and cirrhosis rates.
  • Alcoholic fatty liver is common in chronic alcohol users, though its severity varies.

Purpose:

  • To clarify the relationship between alcohol consumption and liver disease.
  • To outline current therapeutic strategies for alcoholic liver disease (ALD).
  • To highlight areas for future research in ALD pathophysiology.

Summary:

  • Abstinence is the primary treatment for ALD.
  • Corticosteroids and pentoxifylline are recommended for severe alcoholic hepatitis, alongside nutritional support and management of comorbidities.
  • Liver transplantation is an option for end-stage ALD patients abstinent for at least six months.
  • Recent trials targeting TNF-alpha and oxidative stress have yielded limited success.

Impact:

  • Emphasizes the need for continued research into the complex pathophysiology of ALD.
  • Underscores the importance of understanding the roles of cytokines and immune cells in ALD development.
  • Aims to pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions for alcoholic liver disease.