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Related Concept Videos

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...
Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

In vivo Quantification of G Protein Coupled Receptor Interactions using Spectrally Resolved Two-photon Microscopy
14:26

In vivo Quantification of G Protein Coupled Receptor Interactions using Spectrally Resolved Two-photon Microscopy

Published on: January 19, 2011

A GRISM-based probe for spectrally encoded confocal microscopy.

C Pitris, B Bouma, M Shiskov

    Optics Express
    |May 23, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Spectrally encoded confocal microscopy (SECM) offers high-resolution imaging in turbid samples. A new single-optical-axis design enables narrow diameter SECM probes for simplified endoscopic applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Optical microscopy
    • Biomedical imaging
    • Microstructure analysis

    Background:

    • Spectrally encoded confocal microscopy (SECM) provides high-resolution, depth-sectioned imaging of turbid samples.
    • Existing SECM designs face challenges with narrow diameter instruments due to optical axis skewing caused by diffraction gratings.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel design for narrow diameter SECM instruments.
    • To overcome the limitations of traditional SECM probes for endoscopic applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a single-optical-axis element incorporating high index-of-refraction prisms.
    • Integrated a transmission holographic grating for spectral encoding.
    • Developed and tested a 10.0 mm diameter SECM probe.

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    In vivo Quantification of G Protein Coupled Receptor Interactions using Spectrally Resolved Two-photon Microscopy
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    Published on: January 19, 2011

    High-plex Imaging using Spectral Confocal Microscopy to Minimize Non-specific Tissue Fluorescence
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    High-plex Imaging using Spectral Confocal Microscopy to Minimize Non-specific Tissue Fluorescence

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    Main Results:

    • Achieved a transverse resolution of 1.1 micrometers.
    • Demonstrated a field of view of 650 micrometers.
    • Successfully created a narrow diameter SECM probe.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel single-optical-axis SECM design effectively addresses limitations in probe diameter.
    • This advancement facilitates the development of simplified endoscopic imaging devices.
    • High-resolution imaging of turbid sample microstructures is achievable with the new probe.