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Related Concept Videos

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts01:15

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

In analyzing a thin-walled hollow shaft subjected to torsional loading, a segment with width dx is isolated for examination. Despite its equilibrium state, this segment faces torsional shearing forces at its ends. These forces are quantitatively described by the product of the longitudinal shearing stress on the segment's minor surface and the area of this surface, leading to the concept of shear flow. This shear flow is consistent throughout the structure, indicating a uniform distribution of...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Plane Electromagnetic Waves I01:30

Plane Electromagnetic Waves I

The existence of combined electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space as electromagnetic (EM) waves is the most significant prediction of Maxwell's equations. As Maxwell's equations hold in free space, the predicted electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for their propagation. An EM wave comprises an electric field, defined as the force per charge on a stationary charge, and a magnetic field, which is the force per charge on a moving charge.
The EM field is assumed to be a...
Plane Electromagnetic Waves II01:29

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Propagation of Waves01:07

Propagation of Waves

When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
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Standing Electromagnetic Waves01:15

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Electromagnetic waves can be reflected; the surface of a conductor or a dielectric can act as a reflector. As electric and magnetic fields obey the superposition principle, so do electromagnetic waves. The superposition of an incident wave and a reflected electromagnetic wave produces a standing wave analogous to the standing waves created on a stretched string.
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Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor
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Published on: August 30, 2012

Integrated ARROW waveguides with hollow cores.

D Yin, Holger Schmidt, J Barber

    Optics Express
    |May 29, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed novel hollow-core antiresonant reflecting optical (ARROW) waveguides. These waveguides exhibit low propagation loss and small mode areas, enabling applications in sensing and quantum communication.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Antiresonant reflecting optical (ARROW) waveguides are crucial for optical communication.
    • Achieving low loss in hollow-core waveguides presents significant challenges.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design, fabricate, and demonstrate novel hollow-core ARROW waveguides.
    • To achieve low waveguide loss in both transverse and lateral directions.
    • To explore applications in sensing and quantum communication.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a novel fabrication process using silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, and sacrificial polyimide layers.
    • Optical characterization of 3.5μm thick waveguides with air cores.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstration of single-mode propagation through hollow ARROW waveguides.
    • Achieved propagation loss as low as 6.5 cm⁻¹.
    • Obtained mode cross-sections down to 6.7 μm².

    Conclusions:

    • The developed hollow-core ARROW waveguides show promising performance for optical applications.
    • Low loss and small mode area are key advantages for sensing and quantum communication.
    • This work advances the field of hollow-core waveguide technology.