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Epidemiology and risk factors of injury in Thai children
S Ruangkanchanasetr1, K Sriwatanakul, S Luptawan
1Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Insights
Identifying child injury risk factors is crucial for prevention. This study found that being male, older, and from lower socioeconomic backgrounds increases a child's risk of injury.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine
- Injury Prevention Research
- Public Health
Background:
- Childhood injuries represent a significant public health concern.
- Understanding specific risk factors is essential for developing targeted prevention strategies.
- Previous research indicates common causes like traffic accidents and falls.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify demographic and socioeconomic risk factors associated with childhood injuries.
- To compare injury risk factors across different age groups of children.
- To inform the development of effective injury prevention programs.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 200 injured children and 200 matched controls.
- Data collected through interviews with parents or care providers.
- Analysis focused on identifying significant risk factors using odds ratios (OR).
Main Results:
- Common injury causes included falls and traffic incidents, varying by age.
- Identified risk factors: male gender (OR=1.8), older age (>6 years, OR=2.4), not attending school (OR=1.6-2.7), higher birth order (OR=1.7-3.3), multiple caregivers (OR=6.2), lower parental education (OR=2.1), and low family income (OR=1.8-2.4).
- Injuries frequently occurred at home or on the street, during weekdays, and in the afternoon.
Conclusions:
- Socioeconomic and demographic factors significantly influence childhood injury risk.
- Targeted interventions for vulnerable groups, such as boys and children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, are needed.
- Further research should explore environmental and behavioral factors in injury causation.
Abstract:
A case-control study was carried out to identify risk factors of injury in 200 children (mean age 6.68 +/- 3.9 years) attending the Emergency Room, Ramathibodi Hospital from April to August 1987. Traffic and falls were the most common causes of injuries in all age groups. Falls, traffic and sport injuries were responsible for the age-specific injury in infants, 1-10 years and more than 10 year-old children respectively. Most of the injuries occurred at home and on the street, during school term, working day, and between 3-8 pm. Twenty two percent of them needed hospitalization. Another 200 patients, matched sex and age range (mean age 6.38 +/- 3.8 year) from the general out patient department were selected as controls. Parents or care providers were interviewed. The result showed that boys, children older than 6 years of age not attending school, higher rank of order of the child in the family, large family size, the more care providers at the time, parental education lower than primary school level and low family income were risk factors of injury in these children (OR = 1.8, 2.4, 1.6-2.7, 1.7-3.3, 6.2, 2.1, 1.8 and 2.4 respectively).
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