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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...

Muscles that Move the Leg

Muscles that Move the Leg

The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

Knee strength capabilities and slip severity.

Sarah A Wyszomierski¹, April J Chambers, Rakie Cham

¹Human Movement and Balance Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

|June 2, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Stronger knee muscles, particularly in young males, may help older adults recover from slips. Higher peak torque and faster torque development in knee extension and flexion are key to reducing slip severity.

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

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In vivo Measurement of Knee Extensor Muscle Function in Mice

In vivo Measurement of Knee Extensor Muscle Function in Mice

Published on: March 4, 2021

Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Gerontology
Musculoskeletal Health

Background:

Slips and falls pose significant health risks for older adults.
Decreased muscle strength is linked to increased fall risk with age.
Understanding muscle strength's role in slip recovery is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the connection between knee flexion/extension strength and slip severity.
To identify biomechanical factors influencing slip-initiated falls in different age and sex groups.

Main Methods:

Measured isometric knee flexion/extension peak torque and rate of torque development (RTD) in healthy young and older adults.
Recorded motion data during unexpected slips while walking.
Used peak slip velocity (PSV) as the primary measure of slip severity.

Main Results:

Found significant inverse relationships between PSV and knee extension peak torque in young males.
Observed inverse relationships between PSV and knee flexion/extension RTD in young males.
No significant relationships were found in older adults or young females.

Conclusions:

Greater knee flexion/extension peak torque and RTD may enhance recovery from severe slips.
Differences in slip severity-strength relationships between groups may stem from varied strength capabilities, particularly in young males.