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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
Published on: June 23, 2019
Oral complications of HIV disease
Jair C Leao1, Camila M B Ribeiro, Alessandra A T Carvalho
1Departamento de Clinica e Odontologia Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. jleao@ufpe.br
Abstract:
Oral lesions are among the early signs of HIV infection and can predict its progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A better understanding of the oral manifestations of AIDS in both adults and children has implications for all health care professionals. The knowledge of such alterations would allow for early recognition of HIV-infected patients. The present paper reviews epidemiology, relevant aspects of HIV infection related to the mouth in both adults and children, as well as current trends in antiretroviral therapy and its connection with orofacial manifestations related to AIDS.
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