Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Lossy Lines and Overvoltages01:22

Lossy Lines and Overvoltages

Transmission-line series resistance and shunt conductance cause three primary effects: attenuation, distortion, and power losses.
Attenuation
When constant series resistance and shunt conductance are present, voltage and current equations are modified. The propagation constant indicates that voltage and current waves consist of both forward and backward traveling components. These waves attenuate as they propagate, with the attenuation factor related to the resistance and conductance. In a...
Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines01:21

Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines

Consider a single-phase, two-wire, lossless transmission line terminated by an impedance at the receiving end and a source with Thevenin voltage and impedance at the sending end. The line, with length, has a surge impedance and wave velocity determined by the line's inductance and capacitance.
At the receiving end, the boundary condition states that the voltage equals the product of the receiving-end impedance and current. This relationship is expressed as a function of the incident and...
Lossless Lines01:23

Lossless Lines

In electrical engineering, a lossless transmission line is characterized by a purely imaginary propagation constant and a resistive characteristic impedance. The ABCD parameters, which describe the relationship between the input and output voltages and currents, indicate an equivalent π circuit with an imaginary series impedance and a shunt admittance. This results in a transmission line that, when the product of the phase constant (beta) and the length of the line is less than pi, exhibits...
Minor Losses in Pipes01:25

Minor Losses in Pipes

In pipe systems, minor losses refer to energy losses arising from components such as valves, bends, fittings, expansions, and other features that disrupt the steady flow of fluid. These disturbances cause energy dissipation through turbulence and resistance, which engineers quantify to manage system efficiency effectively.
Valves play a significant role in generating minor losses by obstructing or redirecting the fluid flow. When a valve is closed or partially closed, it restricts the flow...
Line Loss01:10

Line Loss

The different configurations of source-load connections include wye (star) and delta connections. The relationship between line and phase voltages and currents varies depending on the configuration. When the source is supplying power, it is transmitted through the wires to the load, and during this transmission, some power is absorbed by the wires, leading to line loss.
Line loss impacts power delivery efficiency in a balanced three-phase circuit. The symmetry in such a circuit simplifies the...
Cable Subjected to a Distributed Load01:24

Cable Subjected to a Distributed Load

The analysis of suspension bridges is a complex and critical process that involves multiple factors, including the shape and tension of the main cables. The main cables of suspension bridges are subjected to distributed loads, which result in changes in tensile forces and deformation of the cable. These loads must be carefully considered to ensure that the bridge is safe and capable of supporting the weight of different loads.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Optimized Lipid Nanoparticles with Tail-Modified Ionizable Lipids for Safer mRNA Delivery.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Mechanically Robust Biodegradable Stents With Theragenerative Vascular Responses via Combined 3D Printing and Janus Nanoengineering.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

AI-Guided 4D Printing of Carnivorous Plants-Inspired Microneedles for Accelerated Wound Healing.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

In Science Journals.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Low-grade green coffee with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NY124 protease: extraction, purification, and functional synergy of chlorogenic acid and trigonelline.

AMB Express·2025
Same author

Unscreened Polaron Ordering Against High Electron Density on Mechanically Cleaved Surfaces of WO<sub>3</sub> (001) Films.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
09:36

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

Published on: June 25, 2021

TCP over OBS - fixed-point load and loss.

Craig Cameron, Hai Le Vu, Jung Choi

    Optics Express
    |June 9, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    To efficiently carry Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) traffic over Optical Burst Switching (OBS) networks, many wavelengths with full wavelength conversion are essential. This research models TCP

    Area of Science:

    • Computer networking
    • Optical communications
    • Network performance analysis

    Background:

    • Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) sending rates are inherently linked to network packet loss.
    • High packet loss in networks triggers TCP's congestion control, reducing sending rates and network load.
    • Optical Burst Switching (OBS) networks present unique challenges for TCP traffic due to their switching dynamics and potential for loss.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the interaction between TCP traffic and Optical Burst Switching (OBS) networks.
    • To determine the equilibrium point (fixed-point) of input loads and loss rates for OBS links carrying TCP.
    • To identify the network configurations necessary for efficient TCP traffic transport over OBS.

    Main Methods:

    • Combined a verified source rate TCP model with an established OBS loss model.

    More Related Videos

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
    07:45

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

    Published on: February 6, 2014

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

    Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
    09:36

    Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

    Published on: June 25, 2021

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
    07:45

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

    Published on: February 6, 2014

  • Performed theoretical analysis to find fixed-point input loads and loss rates.
  • Simulated or analyzed scenarios to validate the model's predictions for TCP over OBS.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified specific fixed-point input loads and loss rates for TCP traffic on OBS links.
    • Demonstrated a strong correlation between OBS network parameters and TCP performance.
    • Quantified the impact of wavelength availability and conversion on TCP throughput.

    Conclusions:

    • Efficiently carrying TCP traffic over OBS networks necessitates a significant number of wavelengths.
    • Full wavelength conversion is a critical requirement for optimizing TCP performance in OBS environments.
    • The study provides a framework for understanding and designing OBS networks for TCP compatibility.