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Related Concept Videos

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this process,...
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy01:29

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which are...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.
2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)01:06

2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy, or COSY, is a 2-dimensional NMR technique that provides information about coupled protons. Typically, the geminal and vicinal coupling are observed. For example, consider the COSY spectrum of ethyl acetate, where its 1D proton NMR spectrum is plotted along the vertical and horizontal axes with their corresponding chemical shift scale. Three spots on the diagonal corresponding to the three peaks in the 1D proton spectrum are called diagonal peaks. The COSY...
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved in...

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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Multiple quantum coherence spectroscopy.

Nathan A Mathew, Lena A Yurs, Stephen B Block

    The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
    |June 11, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Multiple quantum coherences enhance spectroscopic selectivity by creating complex superposition states. This study demonstrates a novel multidimensional spectroscopy technique for detailed molecular potential energy surface analysis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physical Chemistry
    • Spectroscopy
    • Quantum Mechanics

    Background:

    • Multiple quantum coherences (MQCs) offer enhanced selectivity in spectroscopic measurements by utilizing quantum mechanical superposition states.
    • Traditional spectroscopy faces limitations in resolving complex molecular systems due to spectral overlap.

    Discussion:

    • Frequency domain multiple quantum coherence multidimensional spectroscopy (FD-MQC-MDS) is presented as a method to generate MQCs using tailored excitation pulses.
    • The technique employs two excitation frequencies and the dynamic Stark effect to access vibrational ladder states in rhodium dicarbonyl chelates.
    • A monochromator resolves the free induction decay, enabling the observation of distinct coherences within the superposition state.

    Key Insights:

    • The three-dimensional spectral output provides high selectivity, revealing 19 distinct spectral features.
    • These features arise from fully coherent nonlinear processes involving up to 11 interactions with excitation fields.
    • The observed spectral features serve as sensitive probes of both diagonal and off-diagonal elements of the molecular potential energy hypersurface.

    Outlook:

    • This advanced spectroscopic approach can be conceptualized as a coherent pump-probe technique.
    • The 'pump' prepares a multiple quantum coherence, while the 'probe' generates the output coherence for detailed analysis.
    • This method holds potential for advancing the study of complex molecular dynamics and interactions.