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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Fabrication of Zero Mode Waveguides for High Concentration Single Molecule Microscopy
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Novel ultracompact Si-nanowire-based arrayed-waveguide grating with microbends.

Daoxin Dai, Sailing He

    Optics Express
    |June 12, 2009
    PubMed
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    Researchers developed a new, compact arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) demultiplexer using silicon nanowires. This design minimizes size, especially for high diffraction orders, enabling smaller optical devices.

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Nanotechnology
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Arrayed-waveguide gratings (AWGs) are crucial for optical communication.
    • Minimizing the physical footprint of AWG demultiplexers is essential for device integration.
    • Silicon nanowire waveguides offer potential for miniaturized photonic devices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel layout for arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) demultiplexers.
    • To minimize the size of AWG demultiplexers, particularly for high diffraction orders.
    • To achieve a narrow channel spacing in a compact AWG design.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing silicon nanowire waveguides for AWG fabrication.
    • Introducing microbends within the arrayed waveguides.

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  • Optimizing waveguide separation and lightpath differences.

    • Main Results:

    • A significantly reduced AWG demultiplexer size of approximately 0.165 mm².
    • Achieved a narrow channel spacing of 0.8 nm.
    • Demonstrated effective lightpath difference increase using microbends.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel microbend-integrated layout effectively minimizes AWG size.
    • This advancement is particularly beneficial for high diffraction order applications.
    • The ultra-compact AWG is suitable for dense wavelength division multiplexing systems.