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Area and edge effects in radiometric forces.

N Selden1, C Ngalande, S Gimelshein

  • 1University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|June 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The radiometric force on heated plates in gas is studied experimentally and numerically. This force, crucial for micro- and nanoscale devices, peaks in the transitional regime (Kn ~ 0.1) and is mainly area-dependent.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Radiometric force is a phenomenon where temperature gradients in a gas induce a net force on surfaces.
  • Understanding this force is critical for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS).
  • Previous studies have explored radiometric effects, but detailed experimental and numerical analysis across a wide Knudsen number range is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally and numerically investigate the radiometric force on heated plates in stagnant gases.
  • To determine the Knudsen number (Kn) dependence of the radiometric force.
  • To identify the relationship between radiometric force and surface area in different gas rarefaction regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurements using a high-resolution thrust stand.
  • Numerical simulations employing the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method.
  • Numerical solutions of a model kinetic equation using the discrete ordinate method.

Main Results:

  • The radiometric force was examined across a wide pressure range (0.006 to 6 Pa), corresponding to Knudsen numbers from 20 to 0.02.
  • Argon and helium were used as test gases.
  • The radiometric force was found to be primarily area-dependent in the transitional regime, reaching its maximum at Kn approximately 0.1.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a comprehensive analysis of radiometric forces in stagnant gases.
  • The findings highlight the significance of the transitional regime and area dependence for micro/nanoscale applications.
  • Experimental and numerical results offer valuable data for designing and optimizing devices utilizing radiometric effects.