Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry
Published on: April 8, 2020
The temperature and size distribution of large water clusters from a non-equilibrium model
N Gimelshein1, S Gimelshein2, C C Pradzynski3
1Gimel, Inc., San Jose, California 95124, USA.
Abstract:
A hybrid Lagrangian-Eulerian approach is used to examine the properties of water clusters formed in neon-water vapor mixtures expanding through microscale conical nozzles. Experimental size distributions were reliably determined by the sodium doping technique in a molecular beam machine. The comparison of computed size distributions and experimental data shows satisfactory agreement, especially for (H2O)n clusters with n larger than 50. Thus validated simulations provide size selected cluster temperature profiles in and outside the nozzle. This information is used for an in-depth analysis of the crystallization and water cluster aggregation dynamics of recently reported supersonic jet expansion experiments.
Related Concept Videos
Typical Model Studies
Entropy
Distribution of Molecular Speeds
Pore Size Distribution
Adequate...
The Kinetic Model of Gases
Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by

