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[Clopidogrel resistance]
Yeşim Güray1, Umit Güray, Sule Korkmaz
1Türkiye Yüksek Ihtisas Eğitim ve Araştirma Hastanesi, Kardiyoloji Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye. yesimguray@gmail.com
Insights
Clopidogrel resistance, where patients have activated platelets despite treatment, is a significant issue in atherothrombotic diseases. This review explores its mechanisms, clinical impact, and alternative therapies for improved patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Pharmacology
- Hematology
Background:
- Platelets are crucial in atherothrombotic diseases like heart attacks and strokes.
- Clopidogrel is a widely used antiplatelet medication, often combined with aspirin.
- Some patients show reduced effectiveness to clopidogrel, leading to treatment failure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms behind clopidogrel resistance.
- To assess the clinical significance of this therapeutic failure.
- To explore alternative treatment options for non-responsive patients.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of clinical trials and studies on clopidogrel.
- Analysis of proposed mechanisms for clopidogrel resistance.
- Evaluation of clinical outcomes associated with clopidogrel resistance.
Main Results:
- Clopidogrel resistance is linked to higher rates of morbidity and mortality.
- Multiple factors contribute to impaired response to clopidogrel.
- Understanding resistance mechanisms is key to identifying alternative therapies.
Conclusions:
- Clopidogrel resistance poses a significant clinical challenge in managing atherothrombotic events.
- Further research into resistance mechanisms is needed.
- Exploring alternative antiplatelet strategies is essential for these patients.
Abstract:
Platelets play a critical role in pathogenesis of atherothrombotic diseases such as acute coronary syndromes and ischemic stroke. Clopidogrel, a thienopyridine derivative is an effective antiplatelet drug mostly used in combination with aspirin or as a single drug in aspirin intolerant patients. However, despite its proven efficacy in various clinical trials, some patients exhibit impaired response to clopidogrel and have activated platelets while on usual clopidogrel treatment. Although definition and mechanism(s) of this therapeutic failure are poorly understood, it is associated with higher morbidity and mortality as in aspirin resistance. Various causes have been implicated in clopidogrel resistance and alternative therapies are recommended. The aim of this review is to evaluate possible mechanisms, its clinical relevance and alternative treatments of this significant issue.
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