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The role of integrative oncology in a tertiary prevention survivorship program
Stephen M Sagar1, Brian D Lawenda
1Department of Radiation Oncology, 3rd Floor, Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8V 5C2. stephen.sagar@jcc.hhsc.ca
Objective:
Since 64% of cancer patients survive more than 5 years beyond diagnosis, oncologists are challenged to expand their focus from acute care to managing the long-term health consequences of cancer treatment and ensuring the integration of cancer prevention into their practices. This review defines the cancer prevention role of integrative oncology as a key component in survivorship programs.
Methods:
A narrative review consisting of the results of preclinical studies, randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews that may contribute to cancer prevention.
Results:
Integrative oncology focuses on the complexities of health and proposes a multitude of approaches. Its categories are mind-body techniques, physical therapies, nutrition plus supplements, and botanicals or natural health products. Behavioral modification, through selected integrative oncology interventions may enhance cancer prevention.
Conclusion:
Opportunities exist for oncologists to promote lifestyle changes that improve patients' length and quality of life. Integrative oncology utilizes techniques for self-empowerment, individual responsibility, and lifestyle changes that could potentially reduce both cancer recurrence and second primary tumors. Education in the principles of integrative oncology and evidence-based complementary therapies is lacking. There is a need for studies on cost-utility and effectiveness of whole systems programs of integrative oncology for the tertiary prevention of cancer.
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