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Related Concept Videos

Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...
Autobiographical Memory01:14

Autobiographical Memory

Autobiographical memory is a unique type of episodic memory that involves recollecting personal life experiences. It allows individuals to remember significant events from their past, creating a narrative of their lives. One interesting phenomenon related to autobiographical memory is the reminiscence bump. This effect refers to the tendency of adults to recall more events from their second and third decades of life — typically between ages 10 to 30 — than from other periods. This period is...
Flashbulb Memory01:16

Flashbulb Memory

A flashbulb memory is a highly vivid and detailed memory, often linked to events of significant emotional impact. These memories stand out in contrast to everyday memories due to their clarity and the precision with which they are recalled. The strong emotions associated with the event act as a catalyst, ensuring that specific details, such as one's location, actions, and even peripheral elements, are etched into memory with remarkable accuracy. For example, many people can vividly recall where...
Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual remembers mundane...
Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

Episodic memories.

Martin A Conway1

  • 1The Leeds Memory Group, Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, United Kingdom. M.A.Conway@leeds.ac.uk

Neuropsychologia
|June 16, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Episodic memories store experiences as visual images within a conceptual context. These memories track short-term goals but are typically transient, forming the foundation for conceptual knowledge development.

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Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
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Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
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Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
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Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: August 30, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Studies

Background:

  • Episodic memories are crucial for personal experience recall.
  • Understanding their structure and function is key to cognitive science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the structure and properties of episodic memories.
  • To explore the functional roles of episodic memories in cognition.
  • To investigate the developmental origins of conceptual knowledge.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of memory representation.
  • Conceptual modeling of memory systems.
  • Integration of existing memory research.

Main Results:

  • Episodic memories comprise episodic elements (e.g., visual images) linked to conceptual frames.
  • They serve to record progress toward short-term goals.
  • Access to most episodic memories is transient.
  • Episodic memories form the basis for autobiographical memory and early conceptual knowledge.

Conclusions:

  • Episodic memories are dynamic records of experience, essential for goal tracking and cognitive development.
  • Their transient nature highlights a specialized function in immediate goal-oriented behavior.
  • Developmentally, they are foundational for abstract conceptual systems.