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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Comparing the Affinity of GTPase-binding Proteins using Competition Assays
Published on: October 8, 2015
Nucleotide regulation of soluble guanylate cyclase substrate specificity
Emily R Derbyshire1, Nathaniel B Fernhoff, Sarah Deng
1Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3220, USA.
Abstract:
Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) serves as a receptor for the signaling agent nitric oxide (NO). sGC synthesis of cGMP is regulated by NO, GTP, ATP, and allosteric activators such as YC-1. The guanylate cyclase activity and adenylate cyclase activity of full-length sGC and the sGC catalytic domain constructs (alpha1(cat)beta1(cat)) are reported here. ATP is a mixed-type inhibitor of cGMP production for both sGC and alpha1(cat)beta1(cat), indicating that the C-terminus of sGC contains an allosteric nucleotide binding site. YC-1 did not activate alpha1(cat)beta1(cat) or compete with ATP inhibition of cGMP synthesis, which suggests that YC-1 and ATP bind to distinct sites. alpha1(cat)beta1(cat) and NO-stimulated sGC also synthesize cAMP, but this activity is inhibited by ATP via noncompetitive substrate inhibition and by GTP via mixed-type inhibition. Additionally, the adenylate cyclase activity of purified sGC was inhibited by PC12 lysate, suggesting that an intracellular small molecule or protein regulates this activity in vivo.
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