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Related Concept Videos

Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
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Pathogen colonization of host tissues is a critical step in the development of infectious diseases. Various pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, have evolved complex strategies to attach to, invade, and persist within host environments. These mechanisms enable pathogens to establish infections, evade immune responses, and resist antimicrobial treatments.Attachment to Host CellsIn bacteria, colonization typically begins with adherence to host epithelial...
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Fimbriae, Pili, and Axial Filaments01:28

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Fimbriae and pili are specialized bacterial surface structures that play pivotal roles in adhesion, genetic exchange, and motility. Composed primarily of pilin protein, these hairlike appendages are crucial for bacterial survival and pathogenicity in various environments.Fimbriae: Adhesion and PathogenicityFimbriae are fine, filamentous structures measuring 2–10 nanometers in diameter and are densely distributed on the bacterial cell surface. They facilitate bacterial adhesion to abiotic...
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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
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Biomimetic Materials to Characterize Bacteria-host Interactions
12:22

Biomimetic Materials to Characterize Bacteria-host Interactions

Published on: November 16, 2015

Bacterial adhesins in host-microbe interactions.

Kimberly A Kline1, Stefan Fälker, Sofia Dahlberg

  • 1Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.

Cell Host & Microbe
|June 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Bacteria use surface adhesins to attach to host cells, balancing colonization benefits against immune system clearance risks. Many pathogens employ antiphagocytic layers and pilus-like structures to manage this interaction.

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In Vitro Assay of Bacterial Adhesion onto Mammalian Epithelial Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Bacteria utilize surface adhesins for host cell interaction, crucial for colonization.
  • Adhesion can paradoxically increase bacterial susceptibility to host immune defenses like phagocytosis.
  • Pathogenic bacteria have evolved strategies to mitigate immune clearance while maintaining adhesion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complex interactions between bacterial adhesins and host cells.
  • To emphasize the role of pilus-like structures in mediating these interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on bacterial surface adhesins and host interactions.
  • Analysis of pathogenic bacterial strategies for immune evasion.
  • Emphasis on the structural and functional aspects of pilus-like adhesins.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial adhesins mediate crucial interactions with host cell receptors and macromolecules.
  • Pathogenic bacteria often possess antiphagocytic surface layers (e.g., polysaccharides).
  • Adhesins are frequently displayed on extended polymeric structures, such as pili.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial adhesins present a dual role: facilitating colonization but risking immune detection.
  • Pilus-like structures are key adaptations for bacteria to navigate host-pathogen interactions.
  • Understanding these adhesin-host dynamics is vital for developing novel therapeutic strategies.