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Updated: Jun 22, 2026
Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
Published on: September 20, 2020
Working memory training in patients with multiple sclerosis - comparison of two different training schedules
Annamarie Vogt1, Ludwig Kappos, Pasquale Calabrese
1Department of Cognitive Psychology and Methodology, University of Basel, Basel CH-4055, Switzerland.
Purpose:
Evaluation of two different training schedules of a computer based working memory training (BrainStim) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
Method:
Forty-five MS outpatients were allocated to two different training groups and a control group without training. Patients with treatment received 16 training sessions scheduled either as a high intensity training (4 times per week for 4 weeks) or as a distributed training (2 times per week for 8 weeks). A neuropsychological test battery including self-report measures was applied at baseline and at retest. The baseline assessment was performed twice at an interval of two weeks to control for possible learning effects.
Results:
In the outcome measures training for both intervention groups led to significantly improved fatigue symptoms as well as working memory -, and mental speed performances. Log files recorded during training showed a similar increase in levels of difficulty for both intervention groups as training progressed. No effects were found on short term memory, quality of life or depression.
Conclusions:
Since comparable improvements were observed in both training groups, BrainStim can be applied as a therapeutic intervention adjusted to the personal agenda of MS patients.
