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HIV among injecting drug users: current epidemiology, biologic markers, respondent-driven sampling, and
Don C Des Jarlais1, Kamyar Arasteh, Salaam Semaan
1Beth Israel Medical Center, 160 Water Street, 24th Floor, New York, NY 10038, USA. dcdesjarla@aol.com
Purpose Of Review:
To describe recent research done primarily during the past 12 months (i.e., primarily in 2008) on the epidemiology of HIV infection among injecting drug users (IDUs).
Recent Findings:
Major research developments include a global assessment of HIV infection among IDUs and evidence of a transition from epidemics concentrated among IDUs to generalized, heterosexual epidemics in eastern Europe and Asia. Intervention research also includes several studies of supervised-injecting facilities. Methodological research includes respondent-driven sampling and the use of hepatitis C virus and herpes simplex virus-2 as biomarkers for injecting and sexual risk.
Summary:
There have been important advances in research during the past year, but HIV infection continues to spread rapidly across many areas of the world among IDUs and their nondrug-using sex partners.
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