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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

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Directional light beaming control by a subwavelength asymmetric surface structure.

Ding-Zheng Lin, Tsung-Dar Cheng, Chin-Kai Chang

    Optics Express
    |June 18, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    We demonstrated directional beaming of surface plasmons using asymmetric gratings. This method controls light directionality through plasmon diffraction, confirmed by simulations and experiments.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Nanotechnology
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Surface plasmons (SPs) are electromagnetic waves confined to metal-dielectric interfaces.
    • Controlling the directional emission of light is crucial for various photonic applications.
    • Asymmetric structures offer unique optical properties for light manipulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally demonstrate and observe the directional beaming effect of surface plasmons.
    • To investigate the use of asymmetric surface corrugations for controlling light directionality.
    • To validate experimental findings with numerical simulations.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a subwavelength slit with an asymmetric structure on a metal-glass substrate using focused ion beam (FIB) milling.

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  • Excitation of surface plasmons and observation of the diffracted beam.
  • Numerical simulations using Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis (RCWA) and Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) methods.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstration of a single diffracted beam originating from the asymmetric surface corrugation.
    • Experimental observation of directional beaming enabled by surface plasmon diffraction.
    • Successful validation of experimental results through RCWA and FDTD simulations.

    Conclusions:

    • Asymmetric surface structures provide an effective means to control surface plasmon propagation and achieve directional beaming.
    • The proposed experimental setup offers a direct method for observing and utilizing SP directional effects.
    • The agreement between simulations and experiments confirms the validity of the approach for designing plasmonic devices.