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Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

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Optical antenna arrays in the visible range.

Daniel R Matthews, Huw D Summers, Kerenza Njoh

|June 18, 2009

Summary

Highly collimated radiation beams are generated by a periodic grating interacting with surface plasmon-polariton modes. This process, driven by surface plasmon excitations, can be modeled using dipole antenna arrays for predictable beam patterns.

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Area of Science:

Plasmonics
Optics
Materials Science

Background:

Surface plasmon-polariton modes are collective oscillations of electrons at the interface between a metal and a dielectric.
Periodic sub-wavelength gratings can interact with these modes to control light propagation and emission.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally observe and theoretically model the generation of highly collimated radiation beams from the interaction of a periodic grating with surface plasmon-polariton modes.
To understand the role of surface plasmon excitations in driving and phase-coupling the radiation.
To predict the far-field radiation pattern, including directionality, multiplicity, and divergence.

Main Methods:

Experimental observation of radiation patterns generated by a gold film with a periodic sub-wavelength grating.
Modeling the structure as an array of dipole antennas to describe the radiation process.
Detailed fitting of experimental data with the dipole antenna array model.

Main Results:

Highly collimated beams of radiation were successfully generated.
The radiation process was accurately described by modeling the structure as a dipole antenna array.
The directionality, multiplicity, and divergence of the beams were predictable within this framework.
Evidence of scattering events involving two surface plasmon polariton modes was found.

Conclusions:

Surface plasmon excitations are essential for driving beam formation and imposing spatial coherence.
The dipole antenna array model provides a comprehensive framework for predicting the far-field radiation patterns.
The findings offer insights into controlling and manipulating light emission through plasmonic-photonic interactions.