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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography
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A concentric three element radial scanning optical coherence tomography endoscope.

Garret T Bonnema1, Kristen O Cardinal, Stuart K Williams

  • 1D4D Technologies, 630 International Pkwy, Dallas, TX 75081, USA.

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|June 18, 2009
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A new 2.1 mm optical coherence tomography endoscope offers radial scanning of internal body structures. This advanced imaging tool precisely visualizes luminal tissues and engineered blood vessels during development.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging
  • Optical Coherence Tomography

Background:

  • Minimally invasive imaging techniques are crucial for diagnosing and monitoring luminal structures.
  • Existing endoscopic tools may have limitations in resolution, scanning capabilities, or focal adjustment.
  • Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) provides high-resolution cross-sectional imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel, miniaturized optical coherence tomography endoscope.
  • To enable high-resolution radial and spiral scanning of internal luminal structures.
  • To demonstrate the endoscope's capability for imaging biological tissues, including engineered blood vessels.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a 2.1 mm outer diameter OCT endoscope with a three-element system: stationary core, rotating prism tube, and glass cover.
  • Incorporated features for adjustable axial focal distance and multi-fiber light focusing into tissue.
  • Evaluated endoscope performance by imaging tissue-engineered blood vessels at different developmental stages.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed a compact OCT endoscope capable of radial and spiral scanning.
  • Demonstrated adjustable focal distance and the ability to focus light from multiple fibers.
  • Visualized structural changes in tissue-engineered blood vessels over time using the developed endoscope.

Conclusions:

  • The novel 2.1 mm OCT endoscope provides a promising tool for detailed imaging of luminal structures.
  • Its design facilitates versatile scanning and focusing capabilities for biological tissue analysis.
  • The endoscope shows potential for applications in developmental biology and clinical diagnostics of internal tissues.