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Parvovirus induced alterations in nuclear architecture and dynamics
Teemu O Ihalainen1, Einari A Niskanen, Juulia Jylhävä
1NanoScience Center, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Plos One
|June 19, 2009
Summary
Parvoviruses significantly alter host cell nuclear structure and dynamics. These DNA viruses cause chromatin to move and increase protein mobility within the nucleus, offering insights into viral infection mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Virology
- Biophysics
Background:
- The eukaryotic cell nucleus is a complex, compartmentalized structure housing chromatin and protein subcompartments.
- DNA viruses are known to induce significant alterations in nuclear architecture during infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze modifications in nuclear architecture and dynamics in parvovirus-infected cells using advanced imaging and computational methods.
- To investigate the impact of canine parvovirus infection on host cell nuclear organization and protein mobility.
Main Methods:
- Confocal imaging, including photobleaching microscopy.
- Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and dextran microinjection.
- Computational modeling and analysis of photoactivable viral capsid protein dynamics.
Main Results:
- Canine parvovirus infection causes viral replication compartment expansion and chromatin marginalization.
- Increased protein mobility was observed in infected cells despite higher viral DNA content.
- Viral capsids exhibit rapid intranuclear dynamics, and genome replication duration was determined.
Conclusions:
- Parvoviruses extensively modify nuclear structure and dynamics, leading to chromatin marginalization and interchromosomal domain enlargement.
- Intranuclear viral component crowding drives these structural changes via depletion attraction.
- Parvoviruses serve as a valuable model for understanding virus-induced nuclear modifications.
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