Search research articles

Related Concept Videos

Homologous Recombination

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...

Genome Copying Errors

Genome Copying Errors

DNA replication is a well-evolved process that copies millions of base pairs with high fidelity during each cell division. Occasionally a wrong base or a long stretch of wrong bases may get added to the daughter strands. If the errors are left unchecked, cells might accumulate several mutations that might endanger their survival. Therefore, the copying errors are checked and repaired at three levels.

Translesion DNA Polymerases

Translesion DNA Polymerases

Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Visualizing the interplay of Cas1-Cas2 with DNA replication-repair that creates CRISPR-Cas immunity.

Nucleic acids research·2026

Same author

Termination of DNA replication drives genomic instability via multiple mechanisms.

Nucleic acids research·2026

Same author

Saccharin disrupts bacterial cell envelope stability and interferes with DNA replication dynamics.

EMBO molecular medicine·2025

Same author

Repurposing Proximity-Dependent Protein Labeling (BioID2) for Protein Interaction Mapping in E. coli.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2024

Same author

Interplay between chromosomal architecture and termination of DNA replication in bacteria.

Frontiers in microbiology·2023

Same author

Cas1-Cas2 physically and functionally interacts with DnaK to modulate CRISPR Adaptation.

Nucleic acids research·2023

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Inducing a Site Specific Replication Blockage in E. coli Using a Fluorescent Repressor Operator System

Inducing a Site Specific Replication Blockage in E. coli Using a Fluorescent Repressor Operator System

Published on: August 21, 2016

Pathological replication in cells lacking RecG DNA translocase.

Christian J Rudolph¹, Amy L Upton, Lynda Harris

¹Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.

Molecular Microbiology

|June 23, 2009

Summary

Replication fork collisions threaten genomic stability. In Escherichia coli, the RecG helicase prevents uncontrolled DNA replication after UV damage by resolving stalled forks.

More Related Videos

Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique

Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique

Published on: October 27, 2011

Generation of Cancer Cell Clones to Visualize Telomeric Repeat-containing RNA TERRA Expressed from a Single Telomere in Living Cells

Generation of Cancer Cell Clones to Visualize Telomeric Repeat-containing RNA TERRA Expressed from a Single Telomere in Living Cells

Published on: January 17, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Inducing a Site Specific Replication Blockage in E. coli Using a Fluorescent Repressor Operator System

Inducing a Site Specific Replication Blockage in E. coli Using a Fluorescent Repressor Operator System

Published on: August 21, 2016

Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique

Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique

Published on: October 27, 2011

Generation of Cancer Cell Clones to Visualize Telomeric Repeat-containing RNA TERRA Expressed from a Single Telomere in Living Cells

Generation of Cancer Cell Clones to Visualize Telomeric Repeat-containing RNA TERRA Expressed from a Single Telomere in Living Cells

Published on: January 17, 2019

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Microbiology

Background:

DNA replication is essential for cell division, but the process of replication fork termination is not fully understood.
Replication fork collisions can pose a risk to genomic stability.
The role of specific proteins, like RecG helicase, in managing these collisions is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the consequences of replication fork collisions on genomic stability in Escherichia coli.
To determine the role of RecG helicase in preventing defects during DNA replication after UV irradiation.
To elucidate the mechanisms underlying UV-induced DNA replication and its regulation.

Main Methods:

Analysis of Escherichia coli mutants lacking RecG helicase following UV irradiation.
Measurement of DNA synthesis rates and initiation events.
Investigation of the involvement of PriA helicase and DnaA protein in replication processes.

Main Results:

Escherichia coli cells deficient in RecG helicase exhibit significant chromosome replication defects post-UV irradiation.
UV irradiation triggers DnaA-independent DNA synthesis dependent on PriA helicase, persisting after lesion repair.
Replication fork collisions generate branched DNA structures that can lead to uncontrolled DNA amplification.

Conclusions:

RecG helicase mitigates genomic instability by suppressing replication initiation at structures formed by fork collisions.
The findings explain the regulated nature of bacterial replication initiation and termination.
This study highlights the critical role of RecG in maintaining genomic integrity during DNA replication stress.