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Aromatase activity in breast tissue.

W R Miller1

  • 1Department of Clinical Oncology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland.

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
|November 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Aromatase activity in breast tissue is linked to estrogen biosynthesis, potentially influencing breast cancer progression. Higher activity was found in cancer patients' fat tissue compared to benign cases.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Aromatase activity, responsible for estrogen biosynthesis, is present in breast adipose tissue and breast cancer.
  • Local estrogen production may play a role in breast cancer development and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors influencing local estrogen biosynthesis via aromatase in breast cancer.
  • To determine the relationship between aromatase activity and breast cancer characteristics, prognosis, and response to therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed aromatase activity in 247 primary breast cancers and adjacent adipose tissue.
  • Correlated activity levels with tumor histopathology, patient demographics, disease stage, and prognosis.
  • Evaluated response to aromatase inhibitor aminoglutethimide in patients with metastatic disease.

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Main Results:

  • Estrogen biosynthesis was evident in 178 of 247 primary breast cancers.
  • Aromatase activity was higher in adipose tissue from breast cancer patients versus benign breast disease patients.
  • Activity was more common in cellular and estrogen receptor-positive cancers, but not exclusively.
  • Response to aminoglutethimide was observed in a subset of patients with metastatic estrogen receptor-positive tumors and aromatase activity.
  • In situ estrogen biosynthesis is the primary source of estrogen in most breast tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Local aromatase activity in breast adipose tissue and tumors is significant and may influence breast cancer progression.
  • Enhanced aromatase in breast fat could promote cancer development, or tumors may induce aromatase in surrounding fat.
  • Aromatase activity appears to be a key factor in local estrogen levels and may impact the natural history of breast cancer.