Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 22, 2026
10:13
Tailoring In Vivo Cytotoxicity Assays to Study Immunodominance in Tumor-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses
Published on: May 6, 2019
CD95, BIM and T cell homeostasis.
Philippe Bouillet1, Lorraine A O'Reilly
1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. bouillet@wehi.edu.au
Nature Reviews. Immunology
|June 23, 2009
Summary
The study clarifies the roles of CD95 and BCL-2-interacting mediator of cell death (BIM) in T cell homeostasis. These key apoptosis regulators cooperate to control T cell responses and maintain immune balance.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Haematopoietic cell homeostasis relies on regulated cell death.
- Apoptosis pathways, intrinsic and extrinsic, are crucial for immune cell turnover.
- The precise roles of CD95 and BIM in T cell regulation remain under investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the roles of CD95 (FAS) and BIM in T cell homeostasis.
- To emphasize the cooperative mechanisms of CD95 and BIM in regulating T cell responses.
- To elucidate the importance of these apoptosis regulators in immune system control.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on apoptosis and T cell regulation.
- Analysis of studies investigating CD95 and BIM function.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on T cell homeostasis mechanisms.
Main Results:
- CD95 and BIM are critical regulators of T cell apoptosis.
- Cooperation between CD95 and BIM is essential for shutting down T cell responses.
- These pathways ensure the removal of unnecessary or dysfunctional T cells.
Conclusions:
- CD95 and BIM play vital, cooperative roles in maintaining T cell homeostasis.
- Understanding their interaction is key to controlling immune responses.
- Apoptosis regulation is fundamental for immune system health and function.
Related Concept Videos
01:22T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
01:24B Cell Activation and Differentiation
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
01:24T Cell Types and Functions
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
01:23Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
01:01Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...