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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and solid...
Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers, unexplained...
Lower GI Series: Barium Enema01:23

Lower GI Series: Barium Enema

A Barium Enema, or a lower GI series, is a specialized radiographic examination designed to visualize the lower gastrointestinal tract, specifically the colon and rectum. This procedure is instrumental in diagnosing various conditions such as colorectal cancer, polyps, diverticulosis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Procedure Details
The examination begins by inserting a lubricated rectal tube into the patient's rectum to administer a radiopaque barium solution. The barium flow is carefully...
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

E-Patient Counseling Trial (E-PACO): Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
06:28

E-Patient Counseling Trial (E-PACO): Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy

Published on: August 1, 2019

Virtual tagging for laxative-free CT colonography: pilot evaluation.

Janne Näppi1, Hiroyuki Yoshida

  • 1Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 25 New Chardon Street, Suite 400C, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. jnappi@partners.org

Medical Physics
|June 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Virtual tagging improves colorectal cancer screening by enhancing laxative-free computed tomographic colonography (LFCTC). This method accurately identifies artifacts, boosting polyp detection sensitivity and aiding early diagnosis.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

E-Patient Counseling Trial (E-PACO): Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
06:28

E-Patient Counseling Trial (E-PACO): Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy

Published on: August 1, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Gastroenterology
  • Computer-Aided Diagnosis

Background:

  • Laxative-free computed tomographic colonography (LFCTC) offers improved patient adherence for colorectal cancer screening.
  • Interpretation challenges in LFCTC include poorly tagged feces and partial-volume artifacts mimicking colorectal lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a virtual tagging method for artifacts in LFCTC.
  • To improve the accuracy of automated polyp detection in LFCTC by reducing false positives.

Main Methods:

  • A probabilistic colonic wall model was created to identify artifacts.
  • Virtual tagging was applied to identified artifacts, including feces and rectal tubes.
  • The method's impact was assessed by comparing automated polyp detection accuracy with and without virtual tagging on 46 LFCTC cases.

Main Results:

  • Virtual tagging successfully labeled various artifacts, such as partial-volume effects and untagged feces.
  • Per-lesion detection sensitivity reached 100% for lesions >= 10 mm and 90% for lesions >= 6 mm.
  • The improvement in detection performance with virtual tagging was statistically significant (p=0.03).

Conclusions:

  • Virtual tagging is an effective method for improving the interpretation of LFCTC data.
  • This technique enhances the reliability of automated polyp detection, potentially increasing screening efficacy.
  • Virtual tagging addresses key limitations in LFCTC, paving the way for more accurate colorectal cancer screening.