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Spontaneous parametric down conversion in a nanophotonic waveguide.

Sean M Spillane, Marco Fiorentino, Raymond G Beausoleil

    Optics Express
    |June 24, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    We enhanced spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) in highly-confined nanophotonic waveguides. This boosts pair generation rates significantly compared to conventional waveguides and bulk crystals, enabling more efficient quantum light generation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum optics
    • Nanophotonics
    • Nonlinear optics

    Background:

    • Spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) is a key process for generating quantum light.
    • Previous studies showed SPDC is enhanced in waveguides due to reduced mode confinement.
    • Highly-confined nanophotonic waveguides offer potential for further SPDC rate enhancement.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the SPDC rate in highly-confined nanophotonic waveguides.
    • To theoretically model and predict pair generation rates and spectral properties.
    • To quantify the enhancement achieved by nanophotonic waveguides.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a modified theoretical model accounting for high mode confinement in nanophotonic waveguides.
    • Calculated spectral width and pair generation rates for a sample periodically-poled KTP (PPKTP) system.

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  • Compared predicted rates with existing low-index-contrast waveguides and bulk crystals.

    • Main Results:

    • Predicted pair generation rates exceeding 10^9/sec/nm/mW for PPKTP nanophotonic waveguides.
    • Achieved >45x enhancement in downconverted signal power compared to low-index-contrast PPKTP waveguides.
    • Demonstrated >6500x enhancement compared to bulk PPKTP crystals.

    Conclusions:

    • Highly-confined nanophotonic waveguides significantly enhance SPDC rates.
    • These waveguides offer a pathway to highly efficient sources of entangled photon pairs.
    • The findings pave the way for practical quantum technologies relying on SPDC.