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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
Published on: February 4, 2017
Very low voltage single drive domain inverted LiNbO(3) integrated electro-optic modulator
Abstract:
Domain inversion is used in a simple fashion to improve significantly the performance of a waveguide electro-optic modulator in z-cut LiNbO(3). The waveguide arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are placed in opposite domain-oriented regions under the same, narrower and more efficient electrode, so that opposite phase shifts (push-pull effect) can still be achieved despite the arms being subjected to the same electric field. Switching voltages close to 2 V are obtained, which allow 10Gb/s modulation with inexpensive drivers, such as those used for electro-absorption modulators, which deliver driving voltages well below 3V.
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