Mode-locked X-wave lasers
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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

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Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
Published on: November 22, 2019
Optics Express
|June 25, 2009
Abstract:
We theoretically demonstrate X-waves as global attractors that enable mode-locking of a laser cavity operating in the normal dispersion regime. This result is based upon a fully comprehensive physical model of the laser cavity, where the nonlinear discrete diffraction dynamics of a waveguide array mediates the spontaneous periodic generation of spatio-temporal X-waves.

