Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Thouless quantum walks in topological flat bands.

Light, science & applications·2026
Same author

Radiating multimode dispersive shock waves.

Optics letters·2026
Same author

Phase retrieval via gain-based photonic XY-Hamiltonian optimization.

Communications physics·2026
Same author

Observation of Lump Solitons.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Ultraflat Soliton Microcombs in Driven Quadratic-Kerr Nonlinear Microresonators.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Ising Machine by Dimensional Collapse of Nonlinear Polarization Oscillators.

Physical review letters·2025
Same journal

Long-term stabilization of intensity-difference squeezing from four-wave mixing in rubidium vapor.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Robust 3D topography measurement of large-range high-aspect-ratio structures based on dual-domain statistical filtering in SD-OCT.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Broadband transmissive terahertz metasurface for simultaneous quad-mode OAM multiplexing.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Leveraging two-dimensional materials for high-sensitivity optical sensors: quasi-bound states in the continuum within hybrid metasurfaces.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Resolution investigation for dual-spherical-wave optical scanning holographic microscopy: methods and performance.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Robustness of parallel subnetwork-filtered diffractive deep neural networks.

Optics express·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
08:48

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

Published on: November 22, 2019

Mode-locked X-wave lasers.

J N Kutz, Claudio Conti, Stefano Trillo

    Optics Express
    |June 25, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We show that X-waves can act as global attractors for mode-locking a laser cavity in the normal dispersion regime. This occurs through nonlinear discrete diffraction in a waveguide array, generating spatio-temporal X-waves.

    More Related Videos

    Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
    14:18

    Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements

    Published on: February 28, 2016

    Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
    11:21

    Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

    Published on: March 30, 2017

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

    Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
    08:48

    Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

    Published on: November 22, 2019

    Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
    14:18

    Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements

    Published on: February 28, 2016

    Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
    11:21

    Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

    Published on: March 30, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Optics
    • Nonlinear Dynamics

    Background:

    • Mode-locking is crucial for generating ultrashort laser pulses.
    • Normal dispersion regimes in lasers present challenges for stable mode-locking.
    • Spatio-temporal X-waves are robust optical wave solutions with unique propagation properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically demonstrate the role of X-waves as global attractors in laser mode-locking.
    • To investigate the mechanism of spontaneous periodic generation of X-waves in a laser cavity.
    • To explore the potential of nonlinear discrete diffraction in waveguide arrays for laser dynamics.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a comprehensive physical model for the laser cavity.
    • Theoretical analysis of nonlinear discrete diffraction dynamics in waveguide arrays.
    • Simulation of spatio-temporal X-wave generation and propagation within the cavity model.

    Main Results:

    • X-waves are theoretically shown to function as global attractors, enabling stable mode-locking.
    • The normal dispersion regime of the laser cavity supports the formation of these X-wave attractors.
    • Nonlinear discrete diffraction in waveguide arrays is identified as the mediating mechanism for spontaneous X-wave generation.

    Conclusions:

    • X-waves offer a novel pathway to achieve mode-locking in lasers operating under normal dispersion.
    • The findings provide a new understanding of nonlinear dynamics in optical systems.
    • This work opens possibilities for designing advanced laser sources utilizing X-wave dynamics.