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Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Travelling Waves01:04

Travelling Waves

A wave is a disturbance that propagates from its source, repeating itself periodically, and is typically associated with simple harmonic motion. Mechanical waves are governed by Newton's laws and require a medium to travel. A medium is a substance in which a mechanical wave propagates, and the medium produces an elastic restoring force when it is deformed.
Water waves, sound waves, and seismic waves are some examples of mechanical waves. For water waves, the wave propagation medium is water;...
Propagation of Waves01:07

Propagation of Waves

When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
Shock Waves01:16

Shock Waves

While deriving the Doppler formula for the observed frequency of a sound wave, it is assumed that the speed of sound in the medium is greater than the source's speed through it. When this condition is breached, a shock wave occurs.
When the source's speed approaches the speed of sound, constructive interference between successive wavefronts emitted by the source occurs immediately behind it. Initially, scientists believed that this constructive interference would result in such high pressures...
Sound Waves01:01

Sound Waves

Sound waves can be thought of as fluctuations in the pressure of a medium through which they propagate. Since the pressure also makes the medium's particles vibrate along its direction of motion, the waves can be modeled as the displacement of the medium's particles from their mean position.
Sound waves are longitudinal in most fluids because fluids cannot sustain any lateral pressure. In solids, however, shear forces help in propagating the disturbance in the lateral direction as well. Hence,...
Reflection of Waves01:07

Reflection of Waves

When a wave travels from one medium to another, it gets reflected at the boundary of the second medium. A common example of this is when a person yells at a distance from a cliff and hears the echo of their voice. The sound waves (longitudinal waves) traveling in the air are reflected from the bounding cliff. Similarly, flipping one end of a string whose other end is tied to a wall causes a pulse (transverse wave) to travel through the string, which gets reflected upon reaching the wall. In...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Subsurface Defect Localization by Structured Heating Using Laser Projected Photothermal Thermography
11:34

Subsurface Defect Localization by Structured Heating Using Laser Projected Photothermal Thermography

Published on: May 15, 2017

Ring surface waves in thermal nonlinear media.

Yaroslav V Kartashov, Victor A Vysloukh, Lluis Torner

    Optics Express
    |June 25, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We discovered stable, ring-shaped surface waves in defocusing thermal media. These waves are maintained by a balance of repulsive and nonlinear forces, with stability depending on the sample

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    Subsurface Defect Localization by Structured Heating Using Laser Projected Photothermal Thermography
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    Published on: May 15, 2017

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    Published on: April 4, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Nonlinear Optics
    • Wave Phenomena
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Surface waves are crucial in various optical phenomena.
    • Nonlocal nonlinearities, particularly defocusing types, influence light propagation.
    • Understanding wave behavior in structured media is essential for optical device design.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the existence and properties of ring-shaped surface waves.
    • To explore the role of defocusing nonlocal nonlinearity in supporting these waves.
    • To analyze the stability of these waves based on their topological properties and sample geometry.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of wave propagation in defocusing thermal media with circular cross-section.
    • Investigating the interplay between interface repulsion and bulk nonlinear deflection.
    • Examining the influence of geometric parameters and azimuthal nodes on wave stability.

    Main Results:

    • Ring-shaped surface waves are supported by the balance of repulsive and nonlinear forces.
    • Wave properties are intrinsically linked to the circular geometry of the medium.
    • Nodeless surface waves exhibit universal stability, while those with few nodes are metastable.

    Conclusions:

    • Defocusing nonlocal nonlinearity enables novel surface wave structures.
    • The stability of these ring surface waves is controllable via their topological features (nodes).
    • Findings offer insights into light localization and wave control in structured nonlinear media.