Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 5, 2026
09:27
The Dimethylnitrosamine Induced Liver Fibrosis Model in the Rat
Published on: June 17, 2016
11.8K
Severe monochlorobenzene-induced liver cell necrosis
G Babany1, J Bernuau, A Cailleux
1Service d'Hépatologie, (INSERM U24), Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France.
Gastroenterology
|December 1, 1991
Summary
This study details a severe case of monochlorobenzene-induced liver necrosis in a heavy alcohol consumer. The patient recovered after treatment, highlighting the toxicity of benzene derivatives.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Hepatology
- Environmental Health
Background:
- Benzene derivatives are known hepatotoxins in animal models.
- Chronic alcohol consumption is a significant risk factor for liver disease.
Observation:
- A 40-year-old male with high daily alcohol intake presented with severe liver necrosis.
- Liver biopsy revealed centrilobular and mediolobular necrosis, mirroring experimental bromobenzene toxicity.
- Monochlorobenzene serum levels exhibited a monoexponential decay with a half-life of 40.3 hours.
Findings:
- Monochlorobenzene was identified as the causative agent of acute liver necrosis.
- Prostaglandin E1 administration may have contributed to the patient's recovery.
- The patient experienced a full recovery from the toxic liver injury.
Implications:
- This case underscores the potential for severe liver injury from monochlorobenzene exposure in humans.
- Chronic alcohol use may exacerbate the hepatotoxicity of benzene derivatives.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms of monochlorobenzene-induced liver injury and the role of alcohol co-exposure.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:16Necrosis
5.2K
Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
5.2K
01:10Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process
3.6K
Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is...
3.6K
01:26Toxic Reactions: Overview
4.2K
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
4.2K
01:25Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity
151
Bioactivation is a metabolic process that transforms less reactive substances into highly reactive metabolites, initiating tissue toxicity. This transformation can lead to various toxic effects, including carcinogenesis and teratogenesis. Reactive metabolites are classified into two main types: electrophiles and free radicals.Electrophiles are electron-deficient species and are produced primarily by the enzyme cytochrome P-450 during the metabolism of compounds containing carbon, nitrogen, or...
151
01:16Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis
63
Necrosis is a form of irreversible cell death caused by severe injury such as ischemia, toxins, or trauma. Unlike programmed cell death, it is an uncontrolled, pathological process that typically provokes inflammation in surrounding tissues.Pathophysiologic ChangesNecrosis begins when cells sustain critical damage, leading to swelling of organelles, particularly mitochondria, and rapid ATP depletion. As energy levels decline, membrane ion pumps fail, leading to calcium influx and eventually,...
63
01:29Hepatic Encephalopathy
53
DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic...
53